Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu aksi atau situasi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu atau masih berlanjut sampai sekarang.

Rumus Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense dibentuk dengan auxiliary verb “have” atau “has”, dan past participle (verb-3). Have digunakan untuk I, you, they, we, sedangkan has untuk he, she, it,

dan orang ketiga tunggal. Sedangkan past participle dapat berupa irregular maupun regular verb.

Dengan demikian rumus present perfect tense untuk kalimat positif, negatif, dan interogatif adalah sebagai berikut.

Kalimat	Rumus	Contoh Present Perfect Tense
positif (+)	S + aux. verb(have/has) + V-3/past participle	I have read
		He has left
negatif (-)	S + aux. verb(have/has) + not + V-3/past participle	I have not read
		He hasn’t left
interogatif (?)	S+aux. verb(have/has) + S + V-3/past participle	Have I read
		Has he left

Adverb of time :

            Since………

            For…………

Regular Verb :

Study	studied	studied
Cook	cooked	cooked
Watch	watched	watched
Work	worked	worked
Walk	walked	walked

Irregular Verb :

Make	made	made
See	saw	seen
Sing	sang	sung
Put	put	put
Eat	ate	eaten

jika tidak ada kata kerja kamu harus menggunakan “been”  sebagai kata kerja.

Rumus :      

S

+

Has / have

+

been

+

O

 

Tambahan :

Have	Has
I	He
You	She
We	It
They

Example :

1.       My sister ( is ) married.

Answer : My sister has been married.

2.       Heru ( is ) in holiday

Answer : Rosyid has been in holiday

 Contoh Present Perfect Tense

Beberapa contoh kalimat present perfect tense dengan fungsi-fungsinya adalah sebagai berikut.

Note:

Perhatikan adverb/prepositional phrase yang digunakan untuk menyatakan waktu.

Fungsi	Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense untuk mengungkapkan kejadian di masa lalu tanpa peduli kapan tepatnya terjadi.	Can you recommend the most delicious seafood restaurant in this town? Yes, I’ve visited all of them. (Dapatkah kamu merekomendasikan restoran seafood paling lezat di kota ini? Ya, saya telah mengunjungi semuanya.)
	I’ve read this book. (Saya sudah membaca buku ini.)
Present perfect tense untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu aksi terjadi berulang kali dimasa lampau (adverb of number dapat digunakan).	She has called you three times. (Dia sudah meneleponmu tiga kali.)
Present perfect tense untuk mengungkapkan aktivitas atau situasi yang dimulai pada masa lampau kemudian dilanjutkan sampai sekarang (belum selesai).	I have lived in Cilegon for 3 months. (Saya telah tinggal di Cilegon selama 3 bulan.)
	She has studied in French since April. (Saya telah sekolah di Perancis sejak bulan April.)
	My brother has worked already/lately/ up to now. (Saudaraku sudah bekerja sampai sekarang.)
Present perfect tense untuk membicarakan event yang baru saja terjadi ( adverb just dapat digunakan).	I’ve just sent you an email. (Saya baru saja mengirimkan kamu email.)
	The rain’s just stopped. (Hujan baru saja berhenti.) [the rain's = the rain has; lihat contraction & apostrophe]

Contoh soal present perfect tense :

·  1. Question

I … read the terms and conditions.

• has
• have

·  2. Question

The businessman … offered her three times the value of her property, but she’s not interested.

• 's
• 've

·  3. Question

One of the students … completed the final exam.

• 've just
• 's just

·  4. Question

Julie as well as her sister … used organic products for skin care since January.

• have
• has

·  5. Question

How much have you … for clothes that you never wear?

• spent
• spend

·  6. Question

He hasn’t … a bribe for education services, has he?

• paid
• pay

·  7. Question

Have you ever … the beautiful desert scenery?

• seen
• see

·  8. Question

Someone … left the letter on your desk.

• has
• have

·  9. Question

My cousin … as a medical assistant for almost a year.

• has worked
• have worked

·  10. Question

… Mahesa been to New Zealand?

• has
• is 

Kharisma (17)